Antibodies are a crucial part of the body’s immune system. Upon getting infected with an antigen, the immune system generates an antibody response specific to that antigen. Antibodies are used in many biomedical research applications as well as in immunoassays for disease detection. Thus, the procedure of antibody purification is an essential research procedure in...
Primary cells are isolated directly from living tissue and grown in vitro. These cells haven’t multiplied excessively i.e., they have experienced very few passage numbers and thus, possess native characteristics of parent tissue. Primary cells shouldn’t be confused with cell lines as cell lines are cultured from immortalized cultures of primary cells. Biomedical research is...
A serious challenge for researchers in biomedical and clinical research lies in the procurement of relevant in vitro models. For COVID-19 related research, lung epithelial cells are currently tested as a platform and more primary cell types can be used by researchers. These primary cell types are generally reported to be associated with COVID-19 infections...
Creating an organ from scratch? That was what science-fiction novels talked about before 3D bioprinting became a reality! 3D bioprinting revolutionized the simple idea of 2D primary cell culture and took it to the levels of an engineering miracle. With the advent of this technology, researchers can seamlessly create tissues and organs, making transplants safe...
Skin tissue protects our body from dehydration, infection, heat etc. and it keeps getting renewed constantly throughout our lives.Skin stem cells are responsible for skin regeneration and wound healing. These skin stem cells have been identified broadly: Epidermal stem cells: Handles everyday skin renewal and are present in the basal layer of epidermis. Hair follicle...
Cryopreservation is a mandatory technique for cell culture researchers as it allows the storage of cells and tissues in the cryopreserved stage for future culturing. Cryopreservation can impact research efficacy owing to how the whole process is managed and what materials are used. For example, if cells are frozen too quickly, membrane damage and cell...
The process of vaccine production is a continually updating and refreshing technology. The innovative technologies give researchers numerous opportunities to adjust processes and achieve cost-effective scale-up of production. The COVID-19 vaccine rush has shown the world why aligning and optimizing new methods is crucial for companies and organizations. In today’s time, ‘plug and play’ doesn’t...
Primary cells represent the in vivo tissue environment fairly and these cells are directly taken from body tissues for processing and establish them under optimized culture conditions. As these cells are derived directly from native body tissue and not modified, they mimic the in vivo state and physiology. Therefore, they provide excellent model systems for studying...
Primary cells can undergo a pre-determined and finite number of cell divisions in culture. With more passage in cell culture, primary cells enter a replicative senescence state, where morphology, gene expression, and metabolism alter. Therefore, scientists immortalize primary cells in vitro to study cell growth, differentiation, and senescence using continuous cell lines. Immortal cell lines made from primary...
History of Animal Cell Culture Media In 1882, Sydney Ringer developed Ringer’s solution, a balanced salt solution with composition close to that of bodily fluids, to keep beating frog hearts after dissection. This is considered as the first witnessing of in vitro animal tissue cultivation. In the wake of Ringer’s report of the animal Cell...
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